@article{a674818f28b74c72b7112e13cf7ffb91,
title = "A consensus on optimization of care in patients with growth hormone deficiency and mild traumatic brain injury",
abstract = "Objective/design: Approximately 2.9 million children and adults in the US experience traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) annually, most of which are considered mild. TBI can induce varying consequences on pituitary function, with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) among the more commonly reported conditions. Panels of pediatric and adult endocrinologists, neurologists, physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, and neuropsychologists convened in February and October 2020 to discuss ongoing challenges and provide strategies for detection and optimal management of patients with mild TBI and GHD. Results: Difficulties include a low rate of seeking medical attention in the population, suboptimal screening tools, cost and complexity of GHD testing, and a lack of consensus regarding when to test or retest for GHD. Additionally, referrals to endocrinologists from other specialists are uncommon. Recommendations from the panels for managing such patients included multidisciplinary guidelines on the diagnosis and management of post-TBI GHD and additional education on long-term metabolic and probable cognitive benefits of GH replacement therapy. Conclusion: As patients of all ages with mild TBI may develop GHD and/or other pituitary deficiencies, a multidisciplinary approach to provide education to endocrinologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, traumatologists, and other providers and guidelines for the early identification and management of persistent mild TBI-related GHD are urgently needed.",
keywords = "Endocrinology, Growth hormone, Hypopituitarism, Sports medicine, Traumatic brain injury",
author = "Yuen, {Kevin C.J.} and Brent Masel and Jaffee, {Michael S.} and Gregory O'Shanick and Wexler, {Tamara L.} and Kent Reifschneider and Urban, {Randall J.} and Sophie Hoang and Nicky Kelepouris and Hoffman, {Andrew R.}",
note = "Funding Information: KCJY has received research grants to Barrow Neurological Institute from Amryt, Ascendis, Corcept, and Novartis. He has received consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, Ascendis, Sandoz, Corcept, Novartis, Ipsen, Chiasma, Crinetics, Strongbridge, and Recordati and honoraria from Corcept and Novo Nordisk. BM has served on advisory boards for Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, and Novartis. He has also served a leadership or fiduciary role for the Brain Injury Association of America and the North American Brain Injury Society. MSJ has served on an advisory board for Novo Nordisk and is a paid subject matter expert to the National Collegiate Athletic Association. He has received consulting fees from the National Football League and grants from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Florida Department of Elderly Affairs Mangurian Foundation. MSJ has also served on a board for NeuroHabilitation. In addition, he has served on the executive board of the Association of Postdoctoral Programs in Clinical Neuropsychology, committees of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American Board of Internal Medicine, and American Academy of Neurology and a panel for the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs Peer Reviewed Alzheimer's Research Program. GO has received consulting fees from Novo Nordisk and Avanir. He has also received honoraria from Avanir and Cephalon. He has also served a leadership or fiduciary role for the Brain Injury Association of America and is the owner of the Center for Neurorehabilitation Services. TLW has served on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk and Sandoz. KR has served on advisory boards for Pfizer, Ascendis, Novo Nordisk, Endo Pharmaceuticals, and AbbVie. He has received honoraria from Ascendis, AbbVie, and Endo Pharmaceuticals and has served as a principal investigator for Ascendis. He has also served voluntarily as a board member of the Human Growth Foundation. RJU has served on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk and Sandoz. SH and NK are employees of and own stock options in Novo Nordisk Inc. NK also owns stock options in Pfizer. ARH has served as a consultant to Novo Nordisk Inc., Lumos, and Ascendis. He has also served on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk and has served a leadership or fiduciary role for the Growth Hormone Research Society. AH also owns stock options in Elixera. This work was done as a consultant and was not part of Dr. Hoffman's Stanford duties and responsibilities. Funding Information: This work was funded by Novo Nordisk Inc. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",
year = "2022",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.ghir.2022.101495",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "66",
journal = "Growth Hormone and IGF Research",
issn = "1096-6374",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",
}