@article{bafe8b0355014fbd9e6aa6dc8af77f64,
title = "A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease",
abstract = "Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging highly lethal zoonotic disease that, like SARS-CoV-2, can be transmitted via respiratory droplets. Single-injection vaccines that rapidly control NiV outbreaks are needed. To assess the ability of a vaccine to induce fast-acting protection, we immunized African green monkeys with a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the Bangladesh strain glycoprotein (NiVBG) of NiV (rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG). Monkeys were challenged 3 or 7 d later with a lethal dose of NiVB. All monkeys vaccinated with rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG 7 d prior to NiVB exposure were protected from lethal disease, while 67% of animals vaccinated 3 d before NiVB challenge survived. Vaccine protection correlated with natural killer cell and cytotoxic T cell transcriptional signatures, whereas lethality was linked to sustained interferon signaling. NiV G-specific antibodies in vaccinated survivors corroborated additional transcriptomic findings, supporting activation of humoral immunity. This study demonstrates that rVSV-based vaccines may have utility in rapidly protecting humans against NiV infection.",
keywords = "Henipavirus, Nipah virus, Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus, Rvsv-NiV, Vaccine",
author = "Foster, {Stephanie L.} and Courtney Woolsey and Viktoriya Borisevich and Agans, {Krystle N.} and Abhishek Prasad and Deer, {Daniel J.} and Geisbert, {Joan B.} and Dobias, {Natalie S.} and Karla Fenton and Cross, {Robert W.} and Geisbert, {Thomas W.}",
note = "Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank the University of Texas Medical Branch Animal Resource Center for husbandry support of laboratory animals; Kevin Melody for assistance with the animal studies; and Chad Mire for technical expertise and assistance in recovery of the rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG vaccine. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the University of Texas Medical Branch. This study was supported by the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity contract W81XWH1910028 (to T.W.G.) and the US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH Grant UC7AI094660 for biosafety level-4 operations support of the Galveston National Laboratory. Funding Information: We thank the University of Texas Medical Branch Animal Resource Center for husbandry support of laboratory animals; Kevin Melody for assistance with the animal studies; and Chad Mire for technical expertise and assistance in recovery of the rVSV-?G-NiVBG vaccine. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the University of Texas Medical Branch. This study was supported by the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity contract W81XWH1910028 (to T.W.G.) and the US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH Grant UC7AI094660 for biosafety level-4 operations support of the Galveston National Laboratory. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 the Author(s).",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.2200065119",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "119",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
issn = "0027-8424",
publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
number = "12",
}