Cervical spine injuries in elderly patients: Special considerations

High-income countries, including the United States, are confronting an evolving epidemiology of spinal trauma. This rise in geriatric spine trauma is marked by a growing occurrence of cervical spine trauma and incomplete spinal cord injuries. These trends are linked to the age-related prevalence of cervical spondylosis and higher fall risks. Cervical spine injuries in elderly patients require nuanced, patient-centered decision-making. This population is enriched for frailty, high comorbid burden, and poor bone health. This review discusses prevalent injury patterns in this group, evaluates surgical and non-surgical treatment options, and explores unique challenges in managing spine trauma among elderly patients.