TY - JOUR
T1 - Cost, healthcare utilization, and outcomes of antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients in the US
AU - Hart, Allyson
AU - Zaun, David
AU - Itzler, Robbin
AU - Schladt, David
AU - Israni, Ajay
AU - Kasiske, Bertram
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is one of the leading causes of graft loss in kidney transplant recipients but little is known about the associated cost and healthcare burden of AMR. Methods: We developed an algorithm to detect AMR using the 2006–2011 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) using ICD-10 and billing codes as there is no specific ICD-10 or procedure code for AMR. We then compared healthcare utilization, cost, and risk of graft failure or death in AMR. patients versus matched controls. Results: The algorithm had a 39.4% true-positive rate (69/175) and a 4.1% false-positive rate (110/2,655). We identified 5,679/101,554 (5.6%) with AMR, who had a nearly 3-fold higher risk of graft failure (hazard ratio [HR], 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.50 to 3.03; p <.0001) and death (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 2.35 to 2.86; p <.0001) at 2 years, nearly 5 times the hospitalizations in the 60 d before AMR diagnosis, and increased nephrology and emergency department visits. Mean AMR attributable healthcare costs were 4 times higher than matched controls, at $13,066 more per patient in the 60 d before AMR diagnosis and $35,740 per patient per year higher in the 2 years after AMR diagnosis. Conclusions: US kidney transplant recipients with AMR have substantially greater healthcare utilization and higher costs and risk of graft loss and mortality.
AB - Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is one of the leading causes of graft loss in kidney transplant recipients but little is known about the associated cost and healthcare burden of AMR. Methods: We developed an algorithm to detect AMR using the 2006–2011 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) using ICD-10 and billing codes as there is no specific ICD-10 or procedure code for AMR. We then compared healthcare utilization, cost, and risk of graft failure or death in AMR. patients versus matched controls. Results: The algorithm had a 39.4% true-positive rate (69/175) and a 4.1% false-positive rate (110/2,655). We identified 5,679/101,554 (5.6%) with AMR, who had a nearly 3-fold higher risk of graft failure (hazard ratio [HR], 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.50 to 3.03; p <.0001) and death (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 2.35 to 2.86; p <.0001) at 2 years, nearly 5 times the hospitalizations in the 60 d before AMR diagnosis, and increased nephrology and emergency department visits. Mean AMR attributable healthcare costs were 4 times higher than matched controls, at $13,066 more per patient in the 60 d before AMR diagnosis and $35,740 per patient per year higher in the 2 years after AMR diagnosis. Conclusions: US kidney transplant recipients with AMR have substantially greater healthcare utilization and higher costs and risk of graft loss and mortality.
KW - Antibody-mediated rejection
KW - graft failure
KW - healthcare claims
KW - healthcare utilization
KW - kidney transplant
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85113791776&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85113791776&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/13696998.2021.1964267
DO - 10.1080/13696998.2021.1964267
M3 - Article
C2 - 34348559
AN - SCOPUS:85113791776
SN - 1369-6998
VL - 24
SP - 1011
EP - 1017
JO - Journal of Medical Economics
JF - Journal of Medical Economics
IS - 1
ER -