TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet and exercise changes following bone densitometry in the Patient Activation After DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) study
AU - on behalf of the PAADRN Investigators
AU - Roblin, Douglas W.
AU - Cram, Peter
AU - Lou, Yiyue
AU - Edmonds, Stephanie W.
AU - Hall, Sylvie F.
AU - Jones, Michael P.
AU - Saag, Kenneth G.
AU - Wright, Nicole C.
AU - Wolinsky, Fredric D.
AU - Curtis, Jeffrey R.
AU - Morgan, Sarah L.
AU - Schlechte, Janet A.
AU - Williams, Jessica H.
AU - Zelman, David J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Conflicts of interest F. D. Wolinsky, Y. Lou, S. W. Edmonds, S. F. Hall, M. P. Jones, P. Cram, and D. W. Roblin have no conflicts of interest. N. C. Wright has received unrestricted grant support from Amgen for work unrelated to this project. K. G. Saag has received grants from Amgen, Eli Lilly, and Merck and has served as a paid consultant to Amgen, Eli Lilly, and Merck unrelated to this project. The NIA, NIAMS, and NIH had no role in the (a) design and conduct of the study; (b) collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; (c) preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or (d) decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Funding Information:
Funding information This work was supported by R01 AG033035 to Dr. Cram and Dr. Wolinsky from the NIA at the NIH. Dr. Cram is also supported by a K24 AR062133 award from the NIAMS at the NIH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation.
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - Summary: Calcium and vitamin D intake and exercise are suboptimal among older adults. Following bone densitometry, a letter communicating individualized fracture risk accompanied by an educational brochure improved participants’ lifestyle—but no more than existing communication strategies—over 52 weeks. Simple communication strategies are insufficient for achieving optimal levels of bone health behaviors. Purpose: The Patient Activation After DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) study was designed to evaluate whether a letter with individualized fracture risk and an educational brochure mailed to patients soon after their DXA might improve bone health behaviors (daily calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation, and weekly exercise sessions) compared to slower, less individualized communication characterizing usual care. Methods: Participants ≥ 50 years were recruited, at three sites, following their DXA and randomized with 1:1 allocation to intervention and control (usual care only) groups. Data were collected at enrollment interview and by phone survey at 12 and 52 weeks thereafter. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted on 7749 of the 20,397 eligible participants who enrolled. Changes in bone health behaviors were compared within and between study groups. Average treatment effects and heterogeneity of treatment effects were estimated with multivariable linear and logistic regression models. Results: In unadjusted analyses, calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation, and weekly exercise sessions increased significantly over 52 weeks within both the intervention and control groups (all p < 0.001). In unadjusted analyses and multivariable models, increases in each behavior did not significantly differ between the intervention and control groups. Intervention group participants with a > 20% 10-year fracture risk at enrollment did, however, have a significantly greater increase in calcium intake compared to other study participants (p = 0.031). Conclusions: Bone health behaviors improved, on average, over 52 weeks among all participants following a DXA. Receipt of the PAADRN letter and educational brochure did not directly improve bone health behaviors compared to usual care. Trial registration: The Patient Activation after DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov: NCT01507662, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01507662.
AB - Summary: Calcium and vitamin D intake and exercise are suboptimal among older adults. Following bone densitometry, a letter communicating individualized fracture risk accompanied by an educational brochure improved participants’ lifestyle—but no more than existing communication strategies—over 52 weeks. Simple communication strategies are insufficient for achieving optimal levels of bone health behaviors. Purpose: The Patient Activation After DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) study was designed to evaluate whether a letter with individualized fracture risk and an educational brochure mailed to patients soon after their DXA might improve bone health behaviors (daily calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation, and weekly exercise sessions) compared to slower, less individualized communication characterizing usual care. Methods: Participants ≥ 50 years were recruited, at three sites, following their DXA and randomized with 1:1 allocation to intervention and control (usual care only) groups. Data were collected at enrollment interview and by phone survey at 12 and 52 weeks thereafter. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted on 7749 of the 20,397 eligible participants who enrolled. Changes in bone health behaviors were compared within and between study groups. Average treatment effects and heterogeneity of treatment effects were estimated with multivariable linear and logistic regression models. Results: In unadjusted analyses, calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation, and weekly exercise sessions increased significantly over 52 weeks within both the intervention and control groups (all p < 0.001). In unadjusted analyses and multivariable models, increases in each behavior did not significantly differ between the intervention and control groups. Intervention group participants with a > 20% 10-year fracture risk at enrollment did, however, have a significantly greater increase in calcium intake compared to other study participants (p = 0.031). Conclusions: Bone health behaviors improved, on average, over 52 weeks among all participants following a DXA. Receipt of the PAADRN letter and educational brochure did not directly improve bone health behaviors compared to usual care. Trial registration: The Patient Activation after DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov: NCT01507662, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01507662.
KW - Diet
KW - Exercise
KW - Fracture risk
KW - Osteoporosis
KW - Patient-provider communication
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85040118630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85040118630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11657-017-0402-8
DO - 10.1007/s11657-017-0402-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 29307094
AN - SCOPUS:85040118630
SN - 1862-3522
VL - 13
JO - Archives of Osteoporosis
JF - Archives of Osteoporosis
IS - 1
M1 - 4
ER -