Abstract
The effects of smokeless tobacco purified products 4-(N-methyl-N- nitrosamine)-1-3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), smokeless tobacco extracts (dry snuff, moist snuff, and loose leaf), and the tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and n-butyrate on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis were studied in B lymphocyte cell lines harboring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type 1 (Raji and X50-7) or type 2 (HR-1K and AG876) and in an EBV-uninfected control lymphocyte cell line (Ramos). Spontaneous apoptosis was present in all EBV- infected cell lines, but at varying levels. Spontaneous and induced apoptosis were generally greater by Student-Newman-Keuls tests in cells harboring EBV type 2 compared to EBV type 1. The greatest effects on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis on cells harboring lytic EBV type 1 (X50-7) was with each of the three smokeless tobacco extracts. The greatest effects on cells harboring EBV type 2 was with TPA and n-butyrate. There were no effects of smokeless tobacco extracts on the Raji cell line that harbors EBV type 1 incapable of lytic replication. Smokeless tobacco purified products, NNN and NNK, had no discernible effects. At the concentrations used in these experiments, there appears to be an EBV type-specific response to chemical induction, with greater susceptibility of lytic EBV type 1 to smokeless tobacco extracts and lytic EBV type 2 to TPA and n-butyrate. This EBV type- specific susceptibility to the effects of smokeless tobacco extracts is another phenotypic difference between EBV types. The use of smokeless tobacco products may affect B lymphocytes infected with replication-capable EBV in the oropharynx. The absence of significant effects with NNK and NNN suggests that these properties reside with other compounds present in tobacco extracts.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 171-182 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology |
| Volume | 160 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 15 1999 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)
- 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamine)-13-pyridinyl)-l-butanone (NNK)
- Apoptosis
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Lymphocytes
- N-butyrate
- N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN)
- Smokeless tobacco
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Cite this
Effects of smokeless tobacco and tumor promoters on cell population growth and apoptosis of b lymphocytes infected with Epstein-Barr virus types 1 and 2. / Jenson, Hal B.; Baillargeon, Jacques; Heard, Patty; Moyer, Mary Pat.
In: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 160, No. 2, 15.10.1999, p. 171-182.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of smokeless tobacco and tumor promoters on cell population growth and apoptosis of b lymphocytes infected with Epstein-Barr virus types 1 and 2
AU - Jenson, Hal B.
AU - Baillargeon, Jacques
AU - Heard, Patty
AU - Moyer, Mary Pat
PY - 1999/10/15
Y1 - 1999/10/15
N2 - The effects of smokeless tobacco purified products 4-(N-methyl-N- nitrosamine)-1-3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), smokeless tobacco extracts (dry snuff, moist snuff, and loose leaf), and the tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and n-butyrate on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis were studied in B lymphocyte cell lines harboring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type 1 (Raji and X50-7) or type 2 (HR-1K and AG876) and in an EBV-uninfected control lymphocyte cell line (Ramos). Spontaneous apoptosis was present in all EBV- infected cell lines, but at varying levels. Spontaneous and induced apoptosis were generally greater by Student-Newman-Keuls tests in cells harboring EBV type 2 compared to EBV type 1. The greatest effects on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis on cells harboring lytic EBV type 1 (X50-7) was with each of the three smokeless tobacco extracts. The greatest effects on cells harboring EBV type 2 was with TPA and n-butyrate. There were no effects of smokeless tobacco extracts on the Raji cell line that harbors EBV type 1 incapable of lytic replication. Smokeless tobacco purified products, NNN and NNK, had no discernible effects. At the concentrations used in these experiments, there appears to be an EBV type-specific response to chemical induction, with greater susceptibility of lytic EBV type 1 to smokeless tobacco extracts and lytic EBV type 2 to TPA and n-butyrate. This EBV type- specific susceptibility to the effects of smokeless tobacco extracts is another phenotypic difference between EBV types. The use of smokeless tobacco products may affect B lymphocytes infected with replication-capable EBV in the oropharynx. The absence of significant effects with NNK and NNN suggests that these properties reside with other compounds present in tobacco extracts.
AB - The effects of smokeless tobacco purified products 4-(N-methyl-N- nitrosamine)-1-3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), smokeless tobacco extracts (dry snuff, moist snuff, and loose leaf), and the tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and n-butyrate on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis were studied in B lymphocyte cell lines harboring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type 1 (Raji and X50-7) or type 2 (HR-1K and AG876) and in an EBV-uninfected control lymphocyte cell line (Ramos). Spontaneous apoptosis was present in all EBV- infected cell lines, but at varying levels. Spontaneous and induced apoptosis were generally greater by Student-Newman-Keuls tests in cells harboring EBV type 2 compared to EBV type 1. The greatest effects on cell population growth, cell death, and apoptosis on cells harboring lytic EBV type 1 (X50-7) was with each of the three smokeless tobacco extracts. The greatest effects on cells harboring EBV type 2 was with TPA and n-butyrate. There were no effects of smokeless tobacco extracts on the Raji cell line that harbors EBV type 1 incapable of lytic replication. Smokeless tobacco purified products, NNN and NNK, had no discernible effects. At the concentrations used in these experiments, there appears to be an EBV type-specific response to chemical induction, with greater susceptibility of lytic EBV type 1 to smokeless tobacco extracts and lytic EBV type 2 to TPA and n-butyrate. This EBV type- specific susceptibility to the effects of smokeless tobacco extracts is another phenotypic difference between EBV types. The use of smokeless tobacco products may affect B lymphocytes infected with replication-capable EBV in the oropharynx. The absence of significant effects with NNK and NNN suggests that these properties reside with other compounds present in tobacco extracts.
KW - 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)
KW - 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamine)-13-pyridinyl)-l-butanone (NNK)
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Epstein-Barr virus
KW - Lymphocytes
KW - N-butyrate
KW - N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN)
KW - Smokeless tobacco
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032746854&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032746854&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1006/taap.1999.8766
DO - 10.1006/taap.1999.8766
M3 - Article
VL - 160
SP - 171
EP - 182
JO - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
SN - 0041-008X
IS - 2
ER -