Evaluation of patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes after renal surgery

Objective: To assess the feasibility of 2 patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments, Convalescence and Recovery Evaluation (CARE), and SF-12, as tools for evaluating HRQOL outcome consequences after renal surgery, and to determine which domains of these HRQOL instruments are most sensitive to HRQOL outcome effects of renal surgery. Methods: Patients completed CARE and SF-12 preoperatively (baseline) and at 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery. Clinical data, patient response rate, HRQOL changes over time, and likelihood of patient return to baseline HRQOL were evaluated. Results: Seventy-one patients were enrolled. Sixty patients completed the baseline and at least 1 follow-up set of questionnaires. The CARE pain, gastrointestinal (GI), and activity domain scores and the SF-12 physical composite score (PCS) were sensitive to changes in HRQOL (all P<.05), whereas other domain subscores of these instruments did not change from presurgical baseline to postsurgical follow-up. Postsurgical HRQOL effects detected by the CARE pain, GI, and activity domains, and SF-12 PCS were most evident at 2 weeks (all P<.001). The CARE composite score demonstrated that 74% and 50% of patients returned to within 90% of baseline 4 weeks after radical and partial nephrectomy, respectively. Conclusion: Evaluation of patient-reported HRQOL outcomes after renal surgery is feasible; our findings suggest that the activity, pain, and GI domains of CARE and PCS subscores of the SF-12 are sensitive measures of HRQOL outcome consequences of renal surgery and represent appropriate measures of either care quality or comparative effectiveness analyses of robotic, laparoscopic, and open renal surgery.