Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa

Olivier Pernet; Bradley S. Schneider; Shannon M. Beaty; Matthew Lebreton; Tatyana E. Yun; Arnold Park; Trevor T. Zachariah; Thomas A. Bowden; Peta Hitchens; Christina M. Ramirez; Peter Daszak; Jonna Mazet; Alexander N. Freiberg; Nathan D. Wolfe; Benhur Lee

doi:10.1038/ncomms6342

Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa

Olivier Pernet, Bradley S. Schneider, Shannon M. Beaty, Matthew Lebreton, Tatyana E. Yun, Arnold Park, Trevor T. Zachariah, Thomas A. Bowden, Peta Hitchens, Christina M. Ramirez, Peter Daszak, Jonna Mazet, Alexander N. Freiberg, Nathan D. Wolfe, Benhur Lee

Pathology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

67 Scopus citations

Abstract

Zoonotic transmission of lethal henipaviruses (HNVs) from their natural fruit bat reservoirs to humans has only been reported in Australia and South/Southeast Asia. However, a recent study discovered numerous HNV clades in African bat samples. To determine the potential for HNV spillover events among humans in Africa, here we examine well-curated sets of bat (Eidolon helvum, n=44) and human (n=497) serum samples from Cameroon for Nipah virus (NiV) cross-neutralizing antibodies (NiV-X-Nabs). Using a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based pseudoparticle seroneutralization assay, we detect NiV-X-Nabs in 48% and 3-4% of the bat and human samples, respectively. Seropositive human samples are found almost exclusively in individuals who reported butchering bats for bushmeat. Seropositive human sera also neutralize Hendra virus and Gh-M74a (an African HNV) pseudoparticles, as well as live NiV. Butchering bat meat and living in areas undergoing deforestation are the most significant risk factors associated with seropositivity. Evidence for HNV spillover events warrants increased surveillance efforts.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	5342
Journal	Nature communications
Volume	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6342
State	Published - 2014

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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Pernet, O., Schneider, B. S., Beaty, S. M., Lebreton, M., Yun, T. E., Park, A., Zachariah, T. T., Bowden, T. A., Hitchens, P., Ramirez, C. M., Daszak, P., Mazet, J., Freiberg, A. N., Wolfe, N. D., & Lee, B. (2014). Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa. Nature communications, 5, [5342]. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6342

Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa. / Pernet, Olivier; Schneider, Bradley S.; Beaty, Shannon M.; Lebreton, Matthew; Yun, Tatyana E.; Park, Arnold; Zachariah, Trevor T.; Bowden, Thomas A.; Hitchens, Peta; Ramirez, Christina M.; Daszak, Peter; Mazet, Jonna; Freiberg, Alexander N.; Wolfe, Nathan D.; Lee, Benhur.

In: Nature communications, Vol. 5, 5342, 2014.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

Pernet, Olivier ; Schneider, Bradley S. ; Beaty, Shannon M. ; Lebreton, Matthew ; Yun, Tatyana E. ; Park, Arnold ; Zachariah, Trevor T. ; Bowden, Thomas A. ; Hitchens, Peta ; Ramirez, Christina M. ; Daszak, Peter ; Mazet, Jonna ; Freiberg, Alexander N. ; Wolfe, Nathan D. ; Lee, Benhur. / Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa. In: Nature communications. 2014 ; Vol. 5.

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abstract = "Zoonotic transmission of lethal henipaviruses (HNVs) from their natural fruit bat reservoirs to humans has only been reported in Australia and South/Southeast Asia. However, a recent study discovered numerous HNV clades in African bat samples. To determine the potential for HNV spillover events among humans in Africa, here we examine well-curated sets of bat (Eidolon helvum, n=44) and human (n=497) serum samples from Cameroon for Nipah virus (NiV) cross-neutralizing antibodies (NiV-X-Nabs). Using a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based pseudoparticle seroneutralization assay, we detect NiV-X-Nabs in 48% and 3-4% of the bat and human samples, respectively. Seropositive human samples are found almost exclusively in individuals who reported butchering bats for bushmeat. Seropositive human sera also neutralize Hendra virus and Gh-M74a (an African HNV) pseudoparticles, as well as live NiV. Butchering bat meat and living in areas undergoing deforestation are the most significant risk factors associated with seropositivity. Evidence for HNV spillover events warrants increased surveillance efforts.",

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