Abstract
We have previously demonstrated interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in intestinal mucosa after experimental human Cryptosporidium parvum infection, but expression was limited to sensitized volunteers. To characterize IFN-γ-independent mechanisms in control of infection, jejunal biopsies from immunocompetent volunteers experimentally challenged with C. parvum were examined by in situ hybridization for interleukin (IL-)15 and IL-4 mRNA with confirmation by immunohistochemistry. Cytokine expression was correlated with prechallenge anti-C, parvum IgG, symptoms, oocyst shedding, and prior IFN-γ expression data. IL-15 expression was noted only in those without prior sensitization, who did not express IFN-γ. By contrast, expression of IL-4 was associated with prior sensitization. IL-15 was only detected in those with symptoms (6/14 symptomatic vs 0/3 asymptomatic, P>0.05). Among 14 volunteers who did not express IFN-γ, oocyst shedding was lower in those expressing IL-15. Overall, 14/15 volunteers who did not shed oocysts expressed either IFN-γ or IL-15. There was no correlation between expression of IL-4 and symptoms or oocyst shedding. In conclusion, IL-15 expression was associated with control of oocyst shedding in those not expressing IFN-γ. These data suggest that IL-15 is involved in IFN-γ independent mechanisms of control of human cryptosporidiosis, perhaps via activation of the innate immune response.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 39-46 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Cytokine |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 7 2001 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Cryptosporidium
- IL-15
- Intestine
- Mucosal immunity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy
Cite this
Expression of IL-15 and IL-4 in IFN-γ-independent control of experimental human Cryptosporidium parvum infection. / Robinson, Prema; Okhuysen, Pablo C.; Chappell, Cynthia L.; Lewis, Dorothy E.; Shahab, Imran; Lahoti, Sandeep; White, A. Clinton.
In: Cytokine, Vol. 15, No. 1, 07.07.2001, p. 39-46.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Expression of IL-15 and IL-4 in IFN-γ-independent control of experimental human Cryptosporidium parvum infection
AU - Robinson, Prema
AU - Okhuysen, Pablo C.
AU - Chappell, Cynthia L.
AU - Lewis, Dorothy E.
AU - Shahab, Imran
AU - Lahoti, Sandeep
AU - White, A. Clinton
PY - 2001/7/7
Y1 - 2001/7/7
N2 - We have previously demonstrated interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in intestinal mucosa after experimental human Cryptosporidium parvum infection, but expression was limited to sensitized volunteers. To characterize IFN-γ-independent mechanisms in control of infection, jejunal biopsies from immunocompetent volunteers experimentally challenged with C. parvum were examined by in situ hybridization for interleukin (IL-)15 and IL-4 mRNA with confirmation by immunohistochemistry. Cytokine expression was correlated with prechallenge anti-C, parvum IgG, symptoms, oocyst shedding, and prior IFN-γ expression data. IL-15 expression was noted only in those without prior sensitization, who did not express IFN-γ. By contrast, expression of IL-4 was associated with prior sensitization. IL-15 was only detected in those with symptoms (6/14 symptomatic vs 0/3 asymptomatic, P>0.05). Among 14 volunteers who did not express IFN-γ, oocyst shedding was lower in those expressing IL-15. Overall, 14/15 volunteers who did not shed oocysts expressed either IFN-γ or IL-15. There was no correlation between expression of IL-4 and symptoms or oocyst shedding. In conclusion, IL-15 expression was associated with control of oocyst shedding in those not expressing IFN-γ. These data suggest that IL-15 is involved in IFN-γ independent mechanisms of control of human cryptosporidiosis, perhaps via activation of the innate immune response.
AB - We have previously demonstrated interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in intestinal mucosa after experimental human Cryptosporidium parvum infection, but expression was limited to sensitized volunteers. To characterize IFN-γ-independent mechanisms in control of infection, jejunal biopsies from immunocompetent volunteers experimentally challenged with C. parvum were examined by in situ hybridization for interleukin (IL-)15 and IL-4 mRNA with confirmation by immunohistochemistry. Cytokine expression was correlated with prechallenge anti-C, parvum IgG, symptoms, oocyst shedding, and prior IFN-γ expression data. IL-15 expression was noted only in those without prior sensitization, who did not express IFN-γ. By contrast, expression of IL-4 was associated with prior sensitization. IL-15 was only detected in those with symptoms (6/14 symptomatic vs 0/3 asymptomatic, P>0.05). Among 14 volunteers who did not express IFN-γ, oocyst shedding was lower in those expressing IL-15. Overall, 14/15 volunteers who did not shed oocysts expressed either IFN-γ or IL-15. There was no correlation between expression of IL-4 and symptoms or oocyst shedding. In conclusion, IL-15 expression was associated with control of oocyst shedding in those not expressing IFN-γ. These data suggest that IL-15 is involved in IFN-γ independent mechanisms of control of human cryptosporidiosis, perhaps via activation of the innate immune response.
KW - Cryptosporidiosis
KW - Cryptosporidium
KW - IL-15
KW - Intestine
KW - Mucosal immunity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035822256&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035822256&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1006/cyto.2001.0888
DO - 10.1006/cyto.2001.0888
M3 - Article
C2 - 11509007
AN - SCOPUS:0035822256
VL - 15
SP - 39
EP - 46
JO - Cytokine
JF - Cytokine
SN - 1043-4666
IS - 1
ER -