Features of the Humoral Response to Infection, Vaccination, and Revaccination during COVID-19

S. Yu Kombarova, A. V. Aleshkin, L. I. Novikova, S. S. Bochkareva, A. M. Zatevalov, E. R. Mekhtiev, T. E. Mizaeva, A. A. Basov, O. Yu Borisova, E. I. Likhanskaya, E. A. Voropaeva, Yu N. Urban, S. D. Mitrokhin, A. S. Shkoda, V. A. Gushchin, A. E. Sinyavin, M. A. Nikiforova, Yu S. Lebedin, A. V. Karaulov

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

IgM and IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus are detected in subjects who have recovered from COVID-19; IgM antibodies persist in a 1/3 of infected subjects up to 12 months from the moment of the disease, while IgG antibodies are present in the vast majority of cases (97%; medium and high levels antibodies were registered in 85% of cases). By the 12th month, 40% of those who recovered still have a very high level of IgG antibodies to the S-protein (>500 BAU/ml). In the feces, urine, and blood serum of patients with long-term persistent IgM antibodies, no coronavirus antigens were detected. After vaccination with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine, IgG antibodies to the S-protein are detected in 100% of cases and remain at a high level for 4 months, by the 5-6th month, the level of antibodies decreases. During revaccination, the level of IgG antibodies to S-protein reaches high values earlier than during primary vaccination, and remains high for 4 months (observation period). The blood sera of recovered and vaccinated patients have a high virus-neutralizing activity (at least 1:80), while its level is somewhat higher in recovered patients.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)734-739
Number of pages6
JournalBulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Volume173
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • antibody levels
  • COVID-19
  • Gam-COVID-Vac
  • humoral immunity
  • SARS-CoV-2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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