@article{1b03f566c87d437588279357c050cf71,
title = "Gene duplication and phylogeography of North American members of the Hart Park serogroup of avian rhabdoviruses",
abstract = "Flanders virus (FLAV) and Hart Park virus (HPV) are rhabdoviruses that circulate in mosquito-bird cycles in the eastern and western United States, respectively, and constitute the only two North American representatives of the Hart Park serogroup. Previously, it was suggested that FLAV is unique among the rhabdoviruses in that it contains two pseudogenes located between the P and M genes, while the cognate sequence for HPV has been lacking. Herein, we demonstrate that FLAV and HPV do not contain pseudogenes in this region, but encode three small functional proteins designated as U1-U3 that apparently arose by gene duplication. To further investigate the U1-U3 region, we conducted the first large-scale evolutionary analysis of a member of the Hart Park serogroup by analyzing over 100 spatially and temporally distinct FLAV isolates. Our phylogeographic analysis demonstrates that although FLAV appears to be slowly evolving, phylogenetically divergent lineages co-circulate sympatrically.",
keywords = "Bird-associated arbovirus, Coupled translation, Flanders virus, Gene duplication, Hart Park serogroup, Hart Park virus, Rhabdovirus, SH protein, U1-U3 proteins",
author = "Allison, {Andrew B.} and Mead, {Daniel G.} and Palacios, {Gustavo F.} and Tesh, {Robert B.} and Holmes, {Edward C.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Laura Fiorentino, Julia Sprang, and Jennifer Abi Younes for technical support and Peter Walker for helpful discussions of the manuscript. We also thank Wei Chen, James McCardle, and Sheng Zhang of the Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Cornell University Institute of Biotechnology, for their expertise and support on gel-based protein identifications. Funding for arbovirus surveillance in Georgia was provided by the Centers for Disease Control Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Cooperative Agreement. Support for work at the University of Texas Medical Branch was provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) contract HHSN27220-100004OI/HHSN27200004/D04. Additional funding was provided by the wildlife management agencies of the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study member states through the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat.917) and other sources, and by the U.S. Department of the Interior Cooperative Agreement G11AC20003. E.C.H. was supported by a NHMRC Australia Fellowship . Additional support was provided through a NRSA Fellowship ( F32AI100545 ) to A.B.A. from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH .",
year = "2014",
month = jan,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1016/j.virol.2013.10.024",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "448",
pages = "284--292",
journal = "Virology",
issn = "0042-6822",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
}