@article{5f5a5967bfac48c7b59632d6cd95f2b0,
title = "Genetic diversity and purifying selection in West Nile virus populations are maintained during host switching",
abstract = "To investigate differential evolutionary rates and selective forces of WNV in hosts and vectors, we measured the genetic diversity that arose during alternating passage in mosquitoes and birds. Within-host genetic diversity was monitored in each of three experimentally passed replicates, and the complete genome sequence of each WNV strain was determined after passage. The intrahost genetic diversity that arose during alternating passage was significantly greater than the diversity generated during chicken-only passage and similar to mosquito-only passage. dN/dS ratios suggested purifying selection similar to chick-passed virus, but not to mosquito-passed virus. Thus, the abundant genetic variation contributed to WNV populations through infection of mosquitoes and the strong purifying selection contributed by infection of birds may be maintained despite frequent host switching.",
keywords = "Arbovirus, Flavivirus, Host switching, Natural selection, Quasispecies, West Nile virus",
author = "Jerzak, {Greta V.S.} and Ivy Brown and Shi, {Pei Yong} and Kramer, {Laura D.} and Ebel, {Gregory D.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Pam Chin for mosquito rearing, and David Young, Kelly Fitzpatrick and Robert Nofchissey for technical assistance. Edward C. Holmes provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Sequencing was performed at the UNM DNA research facility and the Wadsworth Center Molecular Genetics Core facility. The work was supported in part by funds from the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, under grants AI055609 and AI067380. The BSL-3 animal facility at the Wadsworth Center was used, which is funded in part by the Northeast Biodefense Center's animal core on the NIH/NIAID award U54A17158. Ivy Brown is supported by University of New Mexico Initiative to Maximize Student Diversity, which is funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, under grant GM060201.",
year = "2008",
month = may,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1016/j.virol.2008.02.032",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "374",
pages = "256--260",
journal = "Virology",
issn = "0042-6822",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
number = "2",
}