TY - JOUR
T1 - Hypoaminoacidemia Characterizes Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury
AU - Durham, William
AU - Foreman, Jack P.
AU - Randolph, Kathleen M.
AU - Danesi, Christopher P.
AU - Spratt, Heidi
AU - Masel, Brian D.
AU - Summons, Jennifer R.
AU - Singh, Charan K.
AU - Morrison, Melissa
AU - Robles, Claudia
AU - Wolfram, Cindy
AU - Kreber, Lisa A.
AU - Urban, Randall J.
AU - Sheffield-Moore, Melinda
AU - Masel, Brent E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
PY - 2017/1/15
Y1 - 2017/1/15
N2 - Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk for a number of disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, mediators of the long-term morbidity are uncertain. We conducted a multi-site, prospective trial in chronic TBI patients (∼18 years post-TBI) living in long-term 24-h care environments and local controls without a history of head injury. Inability to give informed consent was exclusionary for participation. A total of 41 individuals (17 moderate-severe TBI, 24 controls) were studied before and after consumption of a standardized breakfast to determine if concentrations of amino acids, cytokines, C-reactive protein, and insulin are potential mediators of long-term TBI morbidity. Analyte concentrations were measured in serum drawn before (fasting) and 1 h after meal consumption. Mean ages were 44 ± 15 and 49 ± 11 years for controls and chronic TBI patients, respectively. Chronic TBI patients had significantly lower circulating concentrations of numerous individual amino acids, as well as essential amino acids (p = 0.03) and large neutral amino acids (p = 0.003) considered as groups, and displayed fundamentally altered cytokine-amino acid relationships. Many years after injury, TBI patients exhibit abnormal metabolic responses and altered relationships between circulating amino acids, cytokines, and hormones. This pattern is consistent with TBI, inducing a chronic disease state in patients. Understanding the mechanisms causing the chronic disease state could lead to new treatments for its prevention.
AB - Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk for a number of disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, mediators of the long-term morbidity are uncertain. We conducted a multi-site, prospective trial in chronic TBI patients (∼18 years post-TBI) living in long-term 24-h care environments and local controls without a history of head injury. Inability to give informed consent was exclusionary for participation. A total of 41 individuals (17 moderate-severe TBI, 24 controls) were studied before and after consumption of a standardized breakfast to determine if concentrations of amino acids, cytokines, C-reactive protein, and insulin are potential mediators of long-term TBI morbidity. Analyte concentrations were measured in serum drawn before (fasting) and 1 h after meal consumption. Mean ages were 44 ± 15 and 49 ± 11 years for controls and chronic TBI patients, respectively. Chronic TBI patients had significantly lower circulating concentrations of numerous individual amino acids, as well as essential amino acids (p = 0.03) and large neutral amino acids (p = 0.003) considered as groups, and displayed fundamentally altered cytokine-amino acid relationships. Many years after injury, TBI patients exhibit abnormal metabolic responses and altered relationships between circulating amino acids, cytokines, and hormones. This pattern is consistent with TBI, inducing a chronic disease state in patients. Understanding the mechanisms causing the chronic disease state could lead to new treatments for its prevention.
KW - head trauma
KW - metabolism
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85009070643&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/neu.2015.4350
DO - 10.1089/neu.2015.4350
M3 - Article
C2 - 27178787
AN - SCOPUS:85009070643
SN - 0897-7151
VL - 34
SP - 385
EP - 390
JO - Journal of neurotrauma
JF - Journal of neurotrauma
IS - 2
ER -