Immunosuppression by intestinal stromal cells

Iryna Pinchuk, Don W. Powell

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

This chapter summarizes evidence that intestinal myofibroblasts, also called intestinal stromal cells, are derived in the adult from tissue mesenchymal stem cells under homeostasis and may be replenished by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells that are recruited after severe intestinal injury. A comparison of mechanism of immunosuppression or tolerance by adult intestinal stromal cells (myofibroblasts) is almost identical with those reported for mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow origin. The list of suppression mechanisms includes PD-L1 and PD-L2/PD-1 immune checkpoint pathways, soluble mediator secretion, toll-like receptor-mediated tolerance, and augmentation of Treg cells. Further, both mesenchymal stem cells and intestinal stromal cells express an almost identical repertoire of CD molecules. Lastly, others have reported that isolate intestinal stromal cells are capable of differentiating into bone and less well into chondrocyte, but not into adipocytes, a finding that we have confirmed. These findings suggest that intestinal stromal cells (myofibroblasts) are partially differentiated adult, tissue-resident stem cells which are capable of exerting immune tolerance in the intestine. Their role in repair of inflammatory bowel disease and immune suppression in colorectal cancer needs further investigation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationAdvances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
PublisherSpringer New York LLC
Pages115-129
Number of pages15
DOIs
StatePublished - 2018

Publication series

NameAdvances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Volume1060
ISSN (Print)0065-2598
ISSN (Electronic)2214-8019

Keywords

  • Colorectal cancer
  • Immune tolerance
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Mesenchymal stem cells
  • Myofibroblasts
  • PD-L1
  • PD-L2
  • Tissue-resident adult mesenchymal stem cells
  • Toll-like receptors

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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