Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophage Response Against Pathogens

Subhadip Choudhuri; Imran Hussain Chowdhury; Nisha Jain Garg

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.622602

Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophage Response Against Pathogens

Subhadip Choudhuri, Imran Hussain Chowdhury, Nisha Jain Garg

Microbiology And Immunology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

Innate immune cells play the first line of defense against pathogens. Phagocytosis or invasion by pathogens can affect mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages by diverse mechanisms and shape the macrophage response (proinflammatory vs. immunomodulatory) against pathogens. Besides β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2'-phosphate, reduced (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes release superoxide for direct killing of the pathogen. Mitochondria that are injured are removed by mitophagy, and this process can be critical for regulating macrophage activation. For example, impaired mitophagy can result in cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that can lead to activation of cGAS–STING signaling pathway of macrophage proinflammatory response. In this review, we will discuss how metabolism, mtDNA, mitophagy, and cGAS–STING pathway shape the macrophage response to infectious agents.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	622602
Journal	Frontiers in immunology
Volume	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.622602
State	Published - Feb 17 2021

Keywords

cGAS-STING
innate immunity
macrophage
metabolism
mitochondria
mitophagy
noncoding RNA

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology and Allergy
Immunology

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10.3389/fimmu.2020.622602

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title = "Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophage Response Against Pathogens",

abstract = "Innate immune cells play the first line of defense against pathogens. Phagocytosis or invasion by pathogens can affect mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages by diverse mechanisms and shape the macrophage response (proinflammatory vs. immunomodulatory) against pathogens. Besides β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2'-phosphate, reduced (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes release superoxide for direct killing of the pathogen. Mitochondria that are injured are removed by mitophagy, and this process can be critical for regulating macrophage activation. For example, impaired mitophagy can result in cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that can lead to activation of cGAS–STING signaling pathway of macrophage proinflammatory response. In this review, we will discuss how metabolism, mtDNA, mitophagy, and cGAS–STING pathway shape the macrophage response to infectious agents.",

keywords = "cGAS-STING, innate immunity, macrophage, metabolism, mitochondria, mitophagy, noncoding RNA",

author = "Subhadip Choudhuri and Chowdhury, {Imran Hussain} and Garg, {Nisha Jain}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021 Choudhuri, Chowdhury and Garg.",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.3389/fimmu.2020.622602",

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T1 - Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophage Response Against Pathogens

AU - Choudhuri, Subhadip

AU - Chowdhury, Imran Hussain

AU - Garg, Nisha Jain

PY - 2021/2/17

Y1 - 2021/2/17

N2 - Innate immune cells play the first line of defense against pathogens. Phagocytosis or invasion by pathogens can affect mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages by diverse mechanisms and shape the macrophage response (proinflammatory vs. immunomodulatory) against pathogens. Besides β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2'-phosphate, reduced (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes release superoxide for direct killing of the pathogen. Mitochondria that are injured are removed by mitophagy, and this process can be critical for regulating macrophage activation. For example, impaired mitophagy can result in cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that can lead to activation of cGAS–STING signaling pathway of macrophage proinflammatory response. In this review, we will discuss how metabolism, mtDNA, mitophagy, and cGAS–STING pathway shape the macrophage response to infectious agents.

AB - Innate immune cells play the first line of defense against pathogens. Phagocytosis or invasion by pathogens can affect mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages by diverse mechanisms and shape the macrophage response (proinflammatory vs. immunomodulatory) against pathogens. Besides β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2'-phosphate, reduced (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes release superoxide for direct killing of the pathogen. Mitochondria that are injured are removed by mitophagy, and this process can be critical for regulating macrophage activation. For example, impaired mitophagy can result in cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that can lead to activation of cGAS–STING signaling pathway of macrophage proinflammatory response. In this review, we will discuss how metabolism, mtDNA, mitophagy, and cGAS–STING pathway shape the macrophage response to infectious agents.

KW - cGAS-STING

KW - innate immunity

KW - macrophage

KW - metabolism

KW - mitochondria

KW - mitophagy

KW - noncoding RNA

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Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophage Response Against Pathogens

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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