Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus discovered when it was linked to an unusual T-cell lymphoma in 1980. It was later linked to a number of other diseases, particularly neurologic ones. These include encephalomyelitis, myelopathy, polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like disease, and uveitis. This chapter will provide an overview of the virus discovery, the epidemiology of HTLV-1 infection, basic virology, and basic aspects of the immunologic response to the infection. It will briefly discuss features of adult T-cell leukemia and aspects of its pathogenesis. The primary focus of the chapter is the neurologic diseases associated with HTLV-1. It will discuss clinical features, diagnosis, imaging, laboratory features, electroencephalogram and evoked potential studies, attempted treatment strategies, and prevention measures. In addition many aspects of pathogenesis are discussed.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 507-530 |
Number of pages | 24 |
Journal | Handbook of Clinical Neurology |
Volume | 123 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2014 |
Keywords
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like disease
- Autonomic neuropathy
- HTLV-1 myelopathy
- Inclusion body myositis
- Inflammatory myopathy
- Pathogenesis of HTLV-1 myelopathy
- Polymyositis
- Polyneuropathy
- Tropical spastic paraparesis
- Uveitis
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurology