TY - JOUR
T1 - Novel recombinant porcine enterovirus G viruses lacking structural proteins are maintained in pig farms in Japan
AU - Imai, Ryo
AU - Rongduo, Wen
AU - Kaixin, Li
AU - Borjigin, Sumiya
AU - Matsumura, Hirofumi
AU - Masuda, Tsuneyuki
AU - Ozawa, Takuji
AU - Oba, Mami
AU - Makino, Shinji
AU - Nagai, Makoto
AU - Mizutani, Tetsuya
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This study is supported by operating cost from Global Innovation Research of Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology and JSPS KAKENHI, grant number 22K07084. We thank Dr. Jayne K. Makino for proofreading of the
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Type 1 recombinant enterovirus G (EV-G), which carries the papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) gene of torovirus between its 2C/3A regions, and type 2 recombinant EV-G, which carries the torovirus PLCP gene with its flanking regions having non-EV-G sequences in place of the viral structural genes, have been detected in pig farms in several countries. In a previous study, we collected 222 fecal samples from 77 pig farms from 2104 to 2016 and detected one type 2 recombinant EV-G genome by metagenomics sequencing. In this study, we reanalyzed the metagenomic data and detected 11 type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes. In addition, we discovered new type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes of the two strains from two pig farms samples in 2018 and 2019. Thus, we identified the genomes of 13 novel type 2 recombinant EV-Gs isolated from several pig farms in Japan. Type 2 recombinant EV-G has previously been detected only in neonatal piglets. The present findings suggest that type 2 recombinant EV-G replicates in weaning piglets and sows. The detection of type 1 recombinant EV-Gs and type 2 recombinant EV-Gs at 3-year and 2-year intervals, respectively, from the same pig farm suggests that the viruses were persistently infecting or circulating in these farms.
AB - Type 1 recombinant enterovirus G (EV-G), which carries the papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) gene of torovirus between its 2C/3A regions, and type 2 recombinant EV-G, which carries the torovirus PLCP gene with its flanking regions having non-EV-G sequences in place of the viral structural genes, have been detected in pig farms in several countries. In a previous study, we collected 222 fecal samples from 77 pig farms from 2104 to 2016 and detected one type 2 recombinant EV-G genome by metagenomics sequencing. In this study, we reanalyzed the metagenomic data and detected 11 type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes. In addition, we discovered new type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes of the two strains from two pig farms samples in 2018 and 2019. Thus, we identified the genomes of 13 novel type 2 recombinant EV-Gs isolated from several pig farms in Japan. Type 2 recombinant EV-G has previously been detected only in neonatal piglets. The present findings suggest that type 2 recombinant EV-G replicates in weaning piglets and sows. The detection of type 1 recombinant EV-Gs and type 2 recombinant EV-Gs at 3-year and 2-year intervals, respectively, from the same pig farm suggests that the viruses were persistently infecting or circulating in these farms.
KW - baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) repeat
KW - genomic recombination
KW - papain-like cysteine protease
KW - porcine enterovirus G
KW - porcine toro virus
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U2 - 10.1292/jvms.22-0505
DO - 10.1292/jvms.22-0505
M3 - Article
C2 - 36543238
AN - SCOPUS:85148221434
SN - 0916-7250
VL - 85
SP - 252
EP - 265
JO - Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
JF - Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
IS - 2
ER -