@article{6fa865ae17f844c6a4f0128216c2f2d9,
title = "Obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth and young adults with depression: Clinical characteristics of comorbid presentations",
abstract = "Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders are highly comorbid, and each contribute to significant functional impairment for affected youth. Comorbid anxiety disorders in depressed youth have been associated with greater depressive symptom severity and impairment, but the impact of comorbid OCD in this population remains unclear. Accordingly, the present study examined the differential clinical characteristics of youth with depression and comorbid OCD relative to age/gender matched depressed youth with no such comorbidity and to those with depression and a comorbid (non-OCD) anxiety disorder. A sample of 797 youth and young adults ages 8–20 years who met diagnostic criteria for depression alone, depression with co-occurring OCD or any anxiety disorder were included in the present study. Rates of comorbid anxiety and OCD were very high (60.5% and 15.5%, respectively). Relative to youth with only depression, depressed youth with comorbid OCD or anxiety had greater severity of depression, suicidality, and overall impairment in social, physical, and emotional functioning. These results highlight the contribution of OCD or anxiety comorbidity in more complex clinical presentations for depressed youth.",
keywords = "Adolescents, Anxiety, Assessment, Children, Comorbidity, Depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder",
author = "Riddle, {David B.} and Andrew Guzick and Abu Minhajuddin and Orri Sm{\'a}rason and Armstrong, {Gabrielle M.} and Holli Slater and Mayes, {Taryn L.} and Goodman, {Lynnel C.} and Baughn, {Denise L.} and Martin, {Sarah L.} and Wakefield, {Sarah M.} and Joseph Blader and Ryan Brown and Silvina Tonarelli and Goodman, {Wayne K.} and Trivedi, {Madhukar H.} and Storch, {Eric A.}",
note = "Funding Information: The Texas Youth Depression and Suicide Research Network is a research initiative of the Texas Child Mental Health Care Consortium (TCMHCC) and the Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care of the Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. The CMHCC was created by the 86th Texas Legislature and, in part, funds multi-institutional research to improve mental health care for children and adolescents in Texas. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the various funding organizations. The funding source had no role in the design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data. Work on this paper was also supported by Fulbright and the Leifur Eiriksson Foundation to Mr. Sm{\'a}rason. Research reported in this publication was also supported, in part, by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number P50HD103555 for use of the Clinical and Translational Core facilities. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Address correspondence to Dr. Eric Storch ( eric.storch@bcm.edu ) or Dr Madhukar Trivedi ( Madhukar.Trivedi@UTSouthwestern.edu ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2023",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1016/j.jocrd.2023.100820",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "38",
journal = "Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders",
issn = "2211-3649",
publisher = "Elsevier Science & Technology",
}