TY - JOUR
T1 - Ontogeny of apelin and its receptor in the rodent gastrointestinal tract
AU - Wang, Guiyun
AU - Kundu, Ramendra
AU - Han, Song
AU - Qi, Xiang
AU - Englander, Ella W.
AU - Quertermous, Thomas
AU - Greeley, George H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health ( P01 DK35608 ), Broad Medical Research Program ( IBD-0118 ), and Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America ( Ref. #1821 ).
PY - 2009/11/27
Y1 - 2009/11/27
N2 - Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor and both apelin and APJ are expressed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to define ontogeny of apelin and APJ in the developing rodent GI tract by measuring expression levels and characterizing abundance and cellular localization at an embryonic stage (E18.5 or E21), two postnatal stages (P4, P16) and in the adult. Apelin and APJ mRNA levels were measured by real time RT-PCR, apelin and APJ-containing cells were identified by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Gastric, duodenal and colonic apelin and APJ mRNA levels were highest at birth and declined postnatally. In the postnatal rat stomach, few apelin peptide-containing cells were identified, the density of gastric apelin-containing cells increased progressively after weaning and into adulthood. A robust APJ immunostaining was observed postnatally in the epithelium, intestinal goblet cells and in smooth muscle cells. In the adult rat, APJ immunostaining in the surface epithelium and goblet cells decreased markedly. During the early postnatal period, in an apelin-deficient mouse, APJ expression and immunostaining in the gut were reduced suggesting that apelin regulates APJ. Together, our data support a role for the apelin-APJ system in the regulation of smooth muscle, epithelial and goblet cell function in the GI tract.
AB - Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor and both apelin and APJ are expressed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to define ontogeny of apelin and APJ in the developing rodent GI tract by measuring expression levels and characterizing abundance and cellular localization at an embryonic stage (E18.5 or E21), two postnatal stages (P4, P16) and in the adult. Apelin and APJ mRNA levels were measured by real time RT-PCR, apelin and APJ-containing cells were identified by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Gastric, duodenal and colonic apelin and APJ mRNA levels were highest at birth and declined postnatally. In the postnatal rat stomach, few apelin peptide-containing cells were identified, the density of gastric apelin-containing cells increased progressively after weaning and into adulthood. A robust APJ immunostaining was observed postnatally in the epithelium, intestinal goblet cells and in smooth muscle cells. In the adult rat, APJ immunostaining in the surface epithelium and goblet cells decreased markedly. During the early postnatal period, in an apelin-deficient mouse, APJ expression and immunostaining in the gut were reduced suggesting that apelin regulates APJ. Together, our data support a role for the apelin-APJ system in the regulation of smooth muscle, epithelial and goblet cell function in the GI tract.
KW - Expression
KW - Immunohistochemistry
KW - Localization
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U2 - 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.07.016
DO - 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.07.016
M3 - Article
C2 - 19660504
AN - SCOPUS:70349745165
SN - 0167-0115
VL - 158
SP - 32
EP - 39
JO - Regulatory Peptides
JF - Regulatory Peptides
IS - 1-3
ER -