Optimizing cancer outcomes: Exercise prescription in integrative oncology

Exercise performed across the cancer care continuum elicits significant health benefits which warrant consideration as a supportive cancer care modality. Thus, exercise has emerged as both a rehabilitation medicine tool for post-treatment recovery and as a lifestyle modification for cancer risk reduction and post-diagnosis health outcomes. Here, we discuss the evolution of exercise oncology over time with integration of epidemiological underpinnings and development of exercise guidelines for cancer survivors. In addition we discuss the benefits of exercise on numerous health outcomes, mechanisms of actions, and implications for clinicians. Exercise prescription guidelines accompany a patient case to emphasize utilization of individualized exercise programming. Overall, well-established exercise prescription principles and exercise guidelines for cancer survivors are available to aid in supporting healthcare provider’s recommendation and dissemination of exercise to cancer survivors.