Perceived Barriers and Needs Related to Chronic Disease Self-Management among Rural Appalachian Kentucky Residents

OBJECTIVES: In rural Appalachian Kentucky, managing chronic conditions presents a challenge due to limited healthcare access, inadequate health education, and poor dietary resources. This study explores factors contributing to healthcare barriers and examines how social support may help individuals better manage chronic illness. METHODS: We interviewed residents of rural Appalachian Kentucky and asked them to describe resources that helped or hindered their access to adequate health care and identify qualities essential for an effective healthcare leader. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring patterns related to healthcare barriers, resources needed for self-management, and social support and its role in managing chronic illness. RESULTS: Among the 79 interviewees, most were long-term residents of the region, and approximately half were currently employed. Barriers to chronic disease management included distrust of medical professionals, limited health education, restricted access to care, and challenges with affordability and transportation. Participants cited a need for both general health education and diabetes mellitus-specific education. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted significant barriers to the management of chronic illness in Appalachian Kentucky. Strong existing community bonds present an opportunity to improve outcomes. Such programs could leverage local support networks to enhance self-management for chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus.