Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common global congenital defect affecting over 2.4 million individuals in the United States. Ongoing medical and surgical advancements have improved the survival of children with CHD leading to a shift where, as of 2010, adults constitute two-thirds of the CHD patient population. The increasing number and aging of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients present a clinical challenge due to heightened complexity, morbidity, and mortality. Studies indicate that 1 in 13 ACHD patients will develop heart failure (HF) in their lifetime. ACHD-HF patients experience more frequent emergency department visits, higher hospitalization rates, longer hospital stays, and higher mortality compared to non-ACHD patients with heart failure (non-ACHD-HF). Despite HF being the leading cause of death in ACHD patients, there is a notable gap in evidence regarding treatment. While guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) has been extensively studied in non-ACHD-HF, research specific to ACHD-HF individuals is limited. This article aims to comprehensively review available literature addressing the pharmacological treatment of ACHD-HF.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1175-1185 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Heart Failure Reviews |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2024 |
Keywords
- ACEI/ARBs
- ARNIs
- Beta blockers
- Congenital heart disease
- Heart failure
- MRAs
- SGLT-2 inhibitors
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine