Practical tips for open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular subcondylar fracture

Hisham Marwan, Victoria Manon, Dina Amin

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

Mandibular subcondylar fractures Mandibular subcondylar fractures are fractures below the most inferior point of the sigmoid notch. The reported incidence is 25% to 35%, depending on the study. Unlike most facial fractures, mandibular condyle fractures Mandibular condyle fractures are due to indirect trauma Facial trauma . Typically, direct forces (i.e., trauma) to symphysis and/or parasymphysis will generate indirect forces. Transmitting the indirect forces (i.e., trauma) often results in mandibular condyle fracture/s. Several classification systems Mandibular condyle fractures classification systems have been proposed. However, the most commonly used classification divides the mandibular condyle into three areas: (1) condylar head Condylar head , (2) condylar neck Condylar neck , and (3) subcondyle. Condylar head fractures Condylar head fractures are located at the level of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule (i.e., intracapsular or diacapitular). Condylar neck fractures Condylar neck fractures extend from the TMJ capsule superiorly to the level of the sigmoid notch inferiorly. Subcondylar fractures Subcondylar fractures are below the sigmoid notch. Appropriate treatment of a mandibular condyle fracture re-establishes pre-injury occlusion Mandibular condyle fracture pre-injury occlusion , vertical facial height Mandibular condyle fracture vertical facial height , speech Mandibular condyle fracture speech , and mastication Mandibular condyle fracture mastication . There are various treatment approaches: (1) soft diet Mandibular condyle fracture soft diet , (2) closed reduction (CR) with maxillomandibular fixation Mandibular condyle fracture closed reduction (CR) with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), and/or (3) open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The purpose of this chapter is to review pearls and pitfalls for ORIF of mandibular condyle/ subcondylar fractures Mandibular condyle fracture ORIF of mandibular condyle/ subcondylar fractures .

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationPearls and Pitfalls in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PublisherSpringer International Publishing
Pages71-76
Number of pages6
ISBN (Electronic)9783031473074
ISBN (Print)9783031473067
DOIs
StatePublished - May 17 2024
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Condylar fracture
  • Facial trauma
  • Mandible fracture
  • ORIF
  • Subcondylar

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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