Rates of Cardiovascular Events in the Justice System: An Unknown Problem

People who experience incarceration have a heightened risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mediated by both traditional and incarceration-specific risk factors related to their environment. In this Viewpoint, we summarize what is known about the epidemiology and management of acute CV events, specifically acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure exacerbation (CHFe), and stroke, among people who are incarcerated. We also highlight gaps in available evidence. Our literature review found no studies that provided population-based rates (e.g., events per 1,000 incarcerated persons per year) of AMI, CHFe, or stroke in people who are incarcerated. Similarly, we did not identify any empirical studies that systematically described the treatment of AMI, CHFe, or stroke in this population. We outline a series of research studies that should be conducted to inform future interventions and guide quality improvement efforts.