Robotic Cholecystectomy

Cholecystectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by general surgeons. This chapter explores the principles, techniques, and considerations involved in robotic cholecystectomy. We trace the evolution of minimally invasive cholecystectomy from laparoscopy to adopting robotic systems like the da Vinci Xi and Si platforms. Emphasizing the advantages of robotic surgery, such as high-definition 3-D optics and improved dexterity, the chapter outlines perioperative management, room setup, patient positioning, and technical aspects of multiport and single-port robotic cholecystectomy. It also discusses the use of fluorescence cholangiography for complex biliary anatomy and compares short-term outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic approaches, as well as highlights the importance of prospective analyses and ongoing experience to optimize outcomes. It aims to enhance the understanding of robotic-assisted approaches for safe and effective biliary surgery.