Abstract
Purpose of Review: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related myocarditis poses a major clinical challenge given its non-specific presentation, rapid progression, and high mortality rate. Here, we review the role of blood-based biomarkers in the clinical management of patients with ICI-related myocarditis. Recent Findings: Myocardial injury, its unique pattern, and the co-occurrence with myositis are defining features of ICI-related myocarditis. Non-cardiac biomarkers, specifically creatinine phosphokinase, precedes the symptomatic presentation and is highly sensitive for diagnosing ICI-related myocarditis, making them useful screening biomarkers. Combined elevations in cardiac troponins and non-cardiac biomarkers improve the confidence of an ICI myocarditis diagnosis. High troponin and creatinine phosphokinase levels are strongly associated with severe outcomes. We propose biomarker-based algorithms for the monitoring and diagnosis of ICI-related myocarditis. Summary: Biomarkers, such as cardiac troponins and creatine phosphokinase, can be used in combination in the monitoring, diagnosis, and prognostication of patients with ICI-related myocarditis.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 959-967 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Current Cardiology Reports |
Volume | 25 |
Issue number | 9 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 2023 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- BNP
- CPK
- ICI
- irAE
- Myositis
- Troponin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine