Role of Robotics in the Management of Infertility

The relatively new field of robotic surgery is being used to manage a number of conditions related to female infertility. Abdominal cerclage. Incompetent cervix is the inability of the uterine cervix to retain a pregnancy in the second trimester, in the absence of uterine contractions. Transvaginally or transabdominally performed cervical cerclages are the mainstay of surgical treatment. Transabdominal cerclage is generally reserved for when anatomy limits cerclage placement or transvaginal cervical cerclage procedures have previously failed. Open or minimally invasive options are available for transabdominal surgery, but robot-assisted cervical cerclage is rapidly gaining acceptance with its record of safety and procedure success. Tubal reversal. Tubal ligation is widely accepted contraception method for women, in which pregnancy is prevented by disrupting fallopian tube patency. Although it is considered to be permanent, requests for reversal of the procedure (recanalization) are not infrequent. After robotic tubal reanastomosis, the overall pregnancy rate was found to be 71% at 2-year follow-up. Quicker recovery time and return to work, early hospital discharge, and smaller incisions are the main advantages of minimally invasive surgery over open surgery. Reconstruction of uterine anomalies. Any disruption of Müllerian duct development during embryogenesis can result in Müllerian duct anomalies. Robotic technology has advantages over classical laparoscopy-related methods for surgical correction of Müllerian anomalies, especially in sigmoid vaginoplasty and robotic metroplasty. The use of a robot-assisted technique may enhance the safety of uterine transplantation surgeries in the future by facilitating the microvascular anastomosis, vaginal anastomosis, and ligaments fixation.