@article{bcd0d2762cf64ecea92f2b2eaff23432,
title = "Species-Specific Evolution of Ebola Virus during Replication in Human and Bat Cells",
abstract = "Ebola virus (EBOV) causes a severe, often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates. Within the past decade, EBOV has caused two large and difficult-to-control outbreaks, one of which recently ended in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bats are the likely reservoir of EBOV, but little is known of their relationship with the virus. We perform serial passages of EBOV in human and bat cells and use circular sequencing to compare the short-term evolution of the virus. Virus populations passaged in bat cells have sequence markers indicative of host RNA editing enzyme activity, including evidence for ADAR editing of the EBOV glycoprotein. Multiple regions in the EBOV genome appear to have undergone adaptive evolution when passaged in bat and human cells. Individual mutated viruses are rescued and characterized. Our results provide insight into the host species-specific evolution of EBOV and highlight the adaptive flexibility of the virus.",
keywords = "ADAR, Ebola virus, bats, emerging viruses, evolution, filovirus, population genetics, reservoir biology, viral evolution",
author = "Whitfield, {Zachary J.} and Prasad, {Abhishek N.} and Ronk, {Adam J.} and Kuzmin, {Ivan V.} and Ilinykh, {Philipp A.} and Raul Andino and Alexander Bukreyev",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the Center for Advanced Technology (CAT) at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), for advice and performing sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 and 4000 platforms. We also thank the Genomics Core at the Institute for Human Genetics (IGH) at UCSF for performing additional sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. EpoNi/22.1 cells were provided by Dr. Christian Drosten (The Charit{\'e} – Universit{\"a}tsmedizin Berlin). MoKi cells were kindly provided by Dr. Andreas Kurth (Robert Koch Institute, Berlin). We would like to thank Dr. Gregory Ebel and Mr. Tyler Eike at Colorado State University (Fort Collins) for providing access to bioinformatics tools. This study was supported by National Science Foundation grant MCB-1516686 to R.A. and A.B. and Defense Threat Reduction Agency grant HDTRA1-14-1-0013 to A.B. Funding Information: We thank the Center for Advanced Technology (CAT) at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), for advice and performing sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 and 4000 platforms. We also thank the Genomics Core at the Institute for Human Genetics (IGH) at UCSF for performing additional sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. EpoNi/22.1 cells were provided by Dr. Christian Drosten (The Charit? ? Universit?tsmedizin Berlin). MoKi cells were kindly provided by Dr. Andreas Kurth (Robert Koch Institute, Berlin). We would like to thank Dr. Gregory Ebel and Mr. Tyler Eike at Colorado State University (Fort Collins) for providing access to bioinformatics tools. This study was supported by National Science Foundation grant MCB-1516686 to R.A. and A.B. and Defense Threat Reduction Agency grant HDTRA1-14-1-0013 to A.B. Study Proposition, A.B. and R.A.; Conceptualization and Initial Design, A.B. R.A. A.J.R. I.V.K. and P.A.I.; Investigation, Z.J.W. A.N.P. A.J.R. I.V.K. and P.A.I.; Formal Analysis, Z.J.W. A.N.P. and A.J.R.; Resources, A.B. and R.A.; Writing, A.J.R. Z.J.W. A.N.P. and A.B.; Funding Acquisition, A.B. and R.A. All authors read and approved the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s)",
year = "2020",
month = aug,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108028",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "32",
journal = "Cell Reports",
issn = "2211-1247",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "7",
}