Temporal Trends and Outcomes of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Surgical Mitral Valve Intervention

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the contemporary changes in the uptake and outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) and surgical mitral valve repair/replacement (SMVR). Methods: We queried the NIS database (2012–2016) to identify hospitalizations for TMVR and SMVR. We reported the temporal trends for uptake of TMVR and SMVR and their in-hospital outcomes. Results: The analysis included 77,645 hospitalizations: 8760 (11.3%) for TMVR and 68,885 (88.7%) for SMVR. Those undergoing TMVR were older and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities, but shorter length of stay (5.5 ± 8.8 vs. 14.3 ± 13.8, p < 0.001) compared with SMVR. There was a marked increase in the number of TMVRs over time (from 420 in 2012 to 3850 in 2016; +917%; P_trend = 0.008) but a modest increase in the number of SMVRs (+117%; P_trend = 0.02). Overall, TMVR was associated with low in-hospital mortality (2%) and favorable safety profile. After adjusting for clinical and hospital variables, there were non-significant trends towards lower adjusted mortality among TMVR and SMVR (P_trend = 0.16 and P_trend = 0.13, respectively). Notably, among TMVR patients, female sex was associated with lower in-hospital mortality while CKD was associated with increased in-hospital mortality. There was a significant downtrend in the incidences of cardiac arrest, hemodialysis and length of stay in TMVR patients. Conclusion: Real world data showed a steady increase in the number of TMVR and SMVR procedures. Overall, TMVR was associated with low in-hospital mortality and complications rates. Despite older age and increased comorbidities, TMVR patients had lower in-hospital mortality and shorter length than their SMVR counterparts.