TY - JOUR
T1 - The association between socioeconomic status and the symptoms at diagnosis of celiac disease
T2 - A retrospective cohort study
AU - Roy, Abhik
AU - Mehra, Shilpa
AU - Kelly, Ciarán P.
AU - Tariq, Sohaib
AU - Pallav, Kumar
AU - Dennis, Melinda
AU - Peer, Ann
AU - Lebwohl, Benjamin
AU - Green, Peter H.R.
AU - Leffler, Daniel A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© SAGE Publications.
PY - 2016/7/1
Y1 - 2016/7/1
N2 - Background: There are little data on patient factors that impact diagnosis rates of celiac disease. This study aims to evaluate the association between patient socioeconomic status and the symptoms at diagnosis of celiac disease. Methods: A total of 872 patients with biopsy-proven celiac disease were categorized based on the presence or absence of (1) diarrhea and (2) any gastrointestinal symptoms at diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between socioeconomic status and symptoms. Results: Patients without diarrhea at presentation had a higher mean per capita income (US$34,469 versus US$32,237, p = 0.02), and patients without any gastrointestinal symptoms had a higher mean per capita income (US$36,738 versus US$31,758, p < 0.01) compared with patients having such symptoms. On multivariable analysis adjusting for sex, age, autoimmune or psychiatric comorbidities, and income, per capita income remained a significant predictor of diagnosis without gastrointestinal symptoms (odds ratio: 1.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-2.50, p < 0.01), and it showed a trend towards significance in diagnosis without diarrhea (odds ratio: 1.40, 95% confidence interval: 0.98-2.02, p = 0.06). Conclusions: Patients with nonclassical symptoms of celiac disease are less likely to be diagnosed if they are of lower socioeconomic status. Celiac disease may be under-recognized in this population due to socioeconomic factors that possibly include lower rates of health-seeking behavior and access to healthcare.
AB - Background: There are little data on patient factors that impact diagnosis rates of celiac disease. This study aims to evaluate the association between patient socioeconomic status and the symptoms at diagnosis of celiac disease. Methods: A total of 872 patients with biopsy-proven celiac disease were categorized based on the presence or absence of (1) diarrhea and (2) any gastrointestinal symptoms at diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between socioeconomic status and symptoms. Results: Patients without diarrhea at presentation had a higher mean per capita income (US$34,469 versus US$32,237, p = 0.02), and patients without any gastrointestinal symptoms had a higher mean per capita income (US$36,738 versus US$31,758, p < 0.01) compared with patients having such symptoms. On multivariable analysis adjusting for sex, age, autoimmune or psychiatric comorbidities, and income, per capita income remained a significant predictor of diagnosis without gastrointestinal symptoms (odds ratio: 1.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-2.50, p < 0.01), and it showed a trend towards significance in diagnosis without diarrhea (odds ratio: 1.40, 95% confidence interval: 0.98-2.02, p = 0.06). Conclusions: Patients with nonclassical symptoms of celiac disease are less likely to be diagnosed if they are of lower socioeconomic status. Celiac disease may be under-recognized in this population due to socioeconomic factors that possibly include lower rates of health-seeking behavior and access to healthcare.
KW - diarrhea
KW - gluten-free diet
KW - healthcare disparity
KW - income
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U2 - 10.1177/1756283X16637532
DO - 10.1177/1756283X16637532
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84975031822
SN - 1756-283X
VL - 9
SP - 495
EP - 502
JO - Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
JF - Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
IS - 4
ER -