TY - JOUR
T1 - The effects of coronary artery calcium screening on behavioral modification, risk perception, and medication adherence among asymptomatic adults
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Mamudu, Hadii M.
AU - Paul, Timir K.
AU - Veeranki, Sreenivas P.
AU - Budoff, Matthew
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014.
PY - 2014/10/1
Y1 - 2014/10/1
N2 - Objective: To perform systematic review of the effects of screening for coronary artery calcium (CAC), a subclinical marker of coronary artery disease (CAD), on behavioral or lifestyle modification, risk perception, and medication adherence. Methods: We searched through CINAHL, PsychInfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, and PubMed (Medline) for studies on the effects of CAC screening in asymptomatic individuals across three major domains: behavioral modification, risk perception for CAD, and medication adherence. We extracted data from the retrieved studies, assessed and synthesized the information. Results: Of the 15 retrieved studies, three were randomized control trials and 12 were observational studies. CAC score was ascertained either as total score, quartiles, or standardized Agatston's ordinal scale. While all the 15 studies involved issues related to behavioral and medication adherence, four involved risk perception of CAD. Although no standardized approach was used in these studies, CAC screening enhanced medication adherence in 13 of the 15 studies, while the others were mixed. Conclusion: CAC screening improved medication adherence and could likely motivated individuals for beneficial behavioral or lifestyle changes to improve CAD. The mixed results suggest the need for further research because screening for subclinical atherosclerosis has significant implications for early detection and prevention of future cardiovascular events by aggressive risk factors modification.
AB - Objective: To perform systematic review of the effects of screening for coronary artery calcium (CAC), a subclinical marker of coronary artery disease (CAD), on behavioral or lifestyle modification, risk perception, and medication adherence. Methods: We searched through CINAHL, PsychInfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, and PubMed (Medline) for studies on the effects of CAC screening in asymptomatic individuals across three major domains: behavioral modification, risk perception for CAD, and medication adherence. We extracted data from the retrieved studies, assessed and synthesized the information. Results: Of the 15 retrieved studies, three were randomized control trials and 12 were observational studies. CAC score was ascertained either as total score, quartiles, or standardized Agatston's ordinal scale. While all the 15 studies involved issues related to behavioral and medication adherence, four involved risk perception of CAD. Although no standardized approach was used in these studies, CAC screening enhanced medication adherence in 13 of the 15 studies, while the others were mixed. Conclusion: CAC screening improved medication adherence and could likely motivated individuals for beneficial behavioral or lifestyle changes to improve CAD. The mixed results suggest the need for further research because screening for subclinical atherosclerosis has significant implications for early detection and prevention of future cardiovascular events by aggressive risk factors modification.
KW - Computed tomography
KW - Coronary artery calcium
KW - Coronary artery disease
KW - Lifestyle or behavioral modification
KW - Medication adherence
KW - Risk perception
KW - Screening
KW - Subclinical atherosclerosis
KW - Subclinical markers
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U2 - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.022
DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.022
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25128971
AN - SCOPUS:84907067659
SN - 0021-9150
VL - 236
SP - 338
EP - 350
JO - Atherosclerosis
JF - Atherosclerosis
IS - 2
ER -