The phospholipase A2 superfamily and its role in chronic inflammatory conditions with relation to adjuster cells

Debanjan Sarkar, Sankar Bhattacharyya

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

Phospholipases A2 play a critical role in eicosanoid synthesis because they hydrolyze the ester link at the sn-2 position of the glycerophospholipid membrane, releasing arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophospholipids. AA is converted to prostaglandins by cyclooxygenase (COX) mechanisms by phospholipase A2. Inflammation is an evolutionary conserved process in which immune and nonimmune cells are activated to protect the host against bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, and helminthic parasites by eliminating pathogens and promoting tissue repair and recovery. Acute inflammation is often beneficial for the host since it is a powerful activator of the healing process and a first line of defense against infection. It starts abruptly and usually resolves quickly, resulting in wound healing. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is damaging to the body because it is characterized by a long-term inflammatory response. The immune system is a complex system with many different types of cells that perform different functions. A subgroup of cells that not only repress or induce others, but also adjust the situation depending on the scenario, is known as adjuster cells. These cells consist of macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and gamma delta (γδ) T cells. This chapter discusses their relationship with phospholipase A2 in chronic inflammatory disorders.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationPhospholipases in Physiology and Pathology
Subtitle of host publicationVolumes 1-7
PublisherElsevier
PagesV4-111-V4-126
Volume4
ISBN (Electronic)9780323956871
ISBN (Print)9780323956888
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2023
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Adjuster cells
  • Chronic inflammation
  • Innate immunity
  • Phospholipases A
  • Prostaglandins

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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