The Role of iRhom2 in Metabolic and Cardiovascular-Related Disorders

Ramasatyaveni Geesala, Priya D. Issuree, Thorsten Maretzky

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Chronic obesity is associated with metabolic imbalance leading to diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), in which inflammation is caused by exposure to inflammatory stimuli, such as accumulating sphingolipid ceramides or intracellular stress. This inflammatory response is likely to be prolonged by the effects of dietary and blood cholesterol, thereby leading to chronic low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are predictive of CVDs and have been widely studied for potential therapeutic strategies. The release of TNF is controlled by a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17 and both are positively associated with CVDs. ADAM17 also cleaves most of the ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which have been associated with hypertension, atherogenesis, vascular dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling. The inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) regulates the ADAM17-dependent shedding of TNF in immune cells. In addition, iRhom2 also regulates the ADAM17-mediated cleavage of EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Targeting iRhom2 has recently become a possible alternative therapeutic strategy in chronic inflammatory diseases such as lupus nephritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, what role this intriguing interacting partner of ADAM17 plays in the vasculature and how it functions in the pathologies of obesity and associated CVDs, are exciting questions that are only beginning to be elucidated. In this review, we discuss the role of iRhom2 in cardiovascular-related pathologies such as atherogenesis and obesity by providing an evaluation of known iRhom2-dependent cellular and inflammatory pathways.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number612808
JournalFrontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume7
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 24 2020
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17)
  • cardiovascular disease
  • diabetes
  • epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
  • inactive rhomboid 2 (iRHOM2)
  • obesity
  • rhomboid 5 homolog 2 (RHBDF2)
  • tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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