TY - JOUR
T1 - Three-dimensional Laparoscopy
T2 - Does Improved Visualization Decrease the Learning Curve among Trainees in Advanced Procedures?
AU - Cologne, Kyle G.
AU - Zehetner, Joerg
AU - Liwanag, Loriel
AU - Cash, Christian
AU - Senagore, Anthony J.
AU - Lipham, John C.
PY - 2015/8/19
Y1 - 2015/8/19
N2 - Purpose: Complex laparoscopy is difficult to master because it involves 3-dimensional (3D) interpretation on a 2-dimensional (2D) viewing screen. The use of 3D technology has an uncertain effect on training surgeons. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D on learning and performing laparoscopic tasks. Methods: Medical students without laparoscopic experience (novices) were evaluated doing inanimate object transfer and laparoscopic suturing. Tasks were repeated using 2D and 3D cameras with standard instruments. Time and error rates (missed attempts, dropped objects, and failure to complete the task) were recorded. Results: Twenty-nine novice medical students experienced a 45.5% decrease in the time to complete PEG transfer using 3D (mean 207 s with 2D vs. 113 s with 3D). Error rate was reduced to 50% (2D, 4 errors vs. 3D, 2 errors) and mean drop rate was reduced to 0. Similar decreases in suture time (46.5%) were seen (mean 403 s with 2D vs. 220 s with 3D). Conclusions: Our results indicate that 3D significantly improved visualization and ability to perform complex tasks in the skills laboratory setting. This technology may be very effective in teaching advanced laparoscopic skills in the era of work-hour restrictions.
AB - Purpose: Complex laparoscopy is difficult to master because it involves 3-dimensional (3D) interpretation on a 2-dimensional (2D) viewing screen. The use of 3D technology has an uncertain effect on training surgeons. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D on learning and performing laparoscopic tasks. Methods: Medical students without laparoscopic experience (novices) were evaluated doing inanimate object transfer and laparoscopic suturing. Tasks were repeated using 2D and 3D cameras with standard instruments. Time and error rates (missed attempts, dropped objects, and failure to complete the task) were recorded. Results: Twenty-nine novice medical students experienced a 45.5% decrease in the time to complete PEG transfer using 3D (mean 207 s with 2D vs. 113 s with 3D). Error rate was reduced to 50% (2D, 4 errors vs. 3D, 2 errors) and mean drop rate was reduced to 0. Similar decreases in suture time (46.5%) were seen (mean 403 s with 2D vs. 220 s with 3D). Conclusions: Our results indicate that 3D significantly improved visualization and ability to perform complex tasks in the skills laboratory setting. This technology may be very effective in teaching advanced laparoscopic skills in the era of work-hour restrictions.
KW - 3-dimentional laparoscopy
KW - advanced laparoscopy
KW - laparoscopy
KW - simulation
KW - surgical training
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84939502778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84939502778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/SLE.0000000000000168
DO - 10.1097/SLE.0000000000000168
M3 - Article
C2 - 26053113
AN - SCOPUS:84939502778
SN - 1530-4515
VL - 25
SP - 321
EP - 323
JO - Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy and Percutaneous Techniques
JF - Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy and Percutaneous Techniques
IS - 4
ER -