Abstract
'Oxidative and Nitrative Stress in Toxicology and Disease' was the subject of a symposium held at the EUROTOX meeting in Dresden 15th September 2009. Reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced during tissue pathogenesis and in response to viral or chemical toxicants, induce a complex series of downstream adaptive and reparative events driven by the associated oxidative and nitrative stress. As highlighted by all the speakers, ROS and RNS can promote diverse biological responses associated with a spectrum of disorders including neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases. Similar pathways are implicated during the process of liver and skin carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species drive sustained cell proliferation, cell death including both apoptosis and necrosis, formation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations, and in some cases stimulation of a pro-angiogenic environment. Here we illustrate the pivotal role played by oxidative and nitrative stress in cell death, inflammation and pain and its consequences for toxicology and disease pathogenesis. Examples are presented from five different perspectives ranging from in vitro model systems through to in vivo animal model systems and clinical outcomes.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 85-94 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Toxicology |
| Volume | 276 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 2010 |
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Keywords
- Carcinogenesis
- Hepatotoxicity
- Inflammation
- Neurotoxicology
- Reactive nitrogen species
- Reactive oxygen species
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Toxicological and pathophysiological roles of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. / Roberts, Ruth A.; Smith, Robert A.; Safe, Stephen; Szabo, Csaba; Tjalkens, Ronald B.; Robertson, Fredika M.
In: Toxicology, Vol. 276, No. 2, 10.2010, p. 85-94.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Toxicological and pathophysiological roles of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
AU - Roberts, Ruth A.
AU - Smith, Robert A.
AU - Safe, Stephen
AU - Szabo, Csaba
AU - Tjalkens, Ronald B.
AU - Robertson, Fredika M.
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - 'Oxidative and Nitrative Stress in Toxicology and Disease' was the subject of a symposium held at the EUROTOX meeting in Dresden 15th September 2009. Reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced during tissue pathogenesis and in response to viral or chemical toxicants, induce a complex series of downstream adaptive and reparative events driven by the associated oxidative and nitrative stress. As highlighted by all the speakers, ROS and RNS can promote diverse biological responses associated with a spectrum of disorders including neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases. Similar pathways are implicated during the process of liver and skin carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species drive sustained cell proliferation, cell death including both apoptosis and necrosis, formation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations, and in some cases stimulation of a pro-angiogenic environment. Here we illustrate the pivotal role played by oxidative and nitrative stress in cell death, inflammation and pain and its consequences for toxicology and disease pathogenesis. Examples are presented from five different perspectives ranging from in vitro model systems through to in vivo animal model systems and clinical outcomes.
AB - 'Oxidative and Nitrative Stress in Toxicology and Disease' was the subject of a symposium held at the EUROTOX meeting in Dresden 15th September 2009. Reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced during tissue pathogenesis and in response to viral or chemical toxicants, induce a complex series of downstream adaptive and reparative events driven by the associated oxidative and nitrative stress. As highlighted by all the speakers, ROS and RNS can promote diverse biological responses associated with a spectrum of disorders including neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases. Similar pathways are implicated during the process of liver and skin carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species drive sustained cell proliferation, cell death including both apoptosis and necrosis, formation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations, and in some cases stimulation of a pro-angiogenic environment. Here we illustrate the pivotal role played by oxidative and nitrative stress in cell death, inflammation and pain and its consequences for toxicology and disease pathogenesis. Examples are presented from five different perspectives ranging from in vitro model systems through to in vivo animal model systems and clinical outcomes.
KW - Carcinogenesis
KW - Hepatotoxicity
KW - Inflammation
KW - Neurotoxicology
KW - Reactive nitrogen species
KW - Reactive oxygen species
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956405386&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77956405386&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.009
DO - 10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 20643181
AN - SCOPUS:77956405386
VL - 276
SP - 85
EP - 94
JO - Toxicology
JF - Toxicology
SN - 0300-483X
IS - 2
ER -