Use of single-injection recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine to protect nonhuman primates against lethal nipah virus disease

Chad E. Mire, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Krista M. Versteeg, Daniel J. Deer, Benjamin A. Satterfield, Karla A. Fenton, Thomas W. Geisbert

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes high case-fatality rates (CFRs) in humans. Two NiV strains have caused outbreaks: the Malaysia strain (NiVM), discovered in 1998-1999 in Malaysia and Singapore (≈40% CFR); and the Bangladesh strain (NiVB), discovered in Bangladesh and India in 2001 (≈80% CFR). Recently, NiVB in African green monkeys resulted in a more severe and lethal disease than NiVM. No NiV vaccines or treatments are licensed for human use. We assessed replication-restricted singleinjection recombinant vesicular stomatitis vaccine NiV vaccine vectors expressing the NiV glycoproteins against NiVB challenge in African green monkeys. All vaccinated animals survived to the study endpoint without signs of NiV disease; all showed development of NiV F Ig, NiV G IgG, or both, as well as neutralizing antibody titers. These data show protective efficacy against a stringent and relevant NiVB model of human infection.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1144-1152
Number of pages9
JournalEmerging infectious diseases
Volume25
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2019

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Epidemiology
  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

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