TY - JOUR
T1 - Whey protein supplementation 2 hours after a lower protein breakfast restores plasma essential amino acid availability comparable to a higher protein breakfast in overweight adults
AU - Hudson, Joshua L.
AU - Paddon-Jones, Douglas
AU - Campbell, Wayne W.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Jan Green, Steven Hulsey, and Amy Wright, RD, for their assistance with clinical scheduling, data entry, and menu creation. DP-J, and WWC designed the research; JLH conducted the research; JLH analyzed the data; JLH and WWC wrote the paper with editorial assistance from DP-J; WWC had the primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This study was funded through the Purdue University Ingestive Behavioral Research Center. This funding source had no role in study design; in collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of this report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. JLH had no conflicts of interest; D DP-J participates on scientific advisory panels and has received research funds, travel expenses, and/or honoraria from the American Egg Board, Leprino Foods, the National Dairy Council, the National Cattlemen's Beef Association and the US Dairy Export Council; WWC received research funds from the National Pork Board, American Egg Board-Egg Nutrition Center, National Dairy Council, and National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and served on the National Dairy Council's Whey Protein Advisory Panel, during the time this study was being conducted.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2017/11
Y1 - 2017/11
N2 - Amino acids from meals peak in the plasma at ~180 minutes postprandial. Conversely, amino acids from rapidly digestible whey protein appear in the plasma within 15 minutes and peak at 60 minutes postprandial. Therefore, we hypothesized that consuming a 20-g whey protein snack 2 hours after a standard mixed-macronutrient, lower protein breakfast (10 g) would result in peak and composite postprandial plasma essential amino acid (EAA) responses that were not different from consuming a 30-g protein breakfast alone. Using a randomized, crossover design, 12 subjects (6 men, 6 women; age: 29 ± 1 y; BMI: 26.0 ± 1.0 kg/m2; mean ± SE) completed three 330-minute trials in which they consumed breakfasts containing (i) 10 g of protein (10-PRO, control), (ii) 30 g of protein (30-PRO), and (iii) 10 g of protein followed by 20 g of whey protein isolate 120 minutes later (10/20-PRO). For both 30-PRO and 10/20-PRO, EAA peaked 180 minutes after breakfast, with greater peak concentrations for 10/20-PRO than 30-PRO (Tukey adjusted, P < .0001). Essential amino acid positive incremental areas under the curve (iAUCpos) over 300 minutes were not different between 30-PRO and 10/20-PRO. Consuming a rapidly digested whey protein snack 2 hours after a slowly digested, lower protein breakfast resulted in a greater peak plasma EAA concentration but comparable plasma EAA availability than consuming a single higher protein breakfast.
AB - Amino acids from meals peak in the plasma at ~180 minutes postprandial. Conversely, amino acids from rapidly digestible whey protein appear in the plasma within 15 minutes and peak at 60 minutes postprandial. Therefore, we hypothesized that consuming a 20-g whey protein snack 2 hours after a standard mixed-macronutrient, lower protein breakfast (10 g) would result in peak and composite postprandial plasma essential amino acid (EAA) responses that were not different from consuming a 30-g protein breakfast alone. Using a randomized, crossover design, 12 subjects (6 men, 6 women; age: 29 ± 1 y; BMI: 26.0 ± 1.0 kg/m2; mean ± SE) completed three 330-minute trials in which they consumed breakfasts containing (i) 10 g of protein (10-PRO, control), (ii) 30 g of protein (30-PRO), and (iii) 10 g of protein followed by 20 g of whey protein isolate 120 minutes later (10/20-PRO). For both 30-PRO and 10/20-PRO, EAA peaked 180 minutes after breakfast, with greater peak concentrations for 10/20-PRO than 30-PRO (Tukey adjusted, P < .0001). Essential amino acid positive incremental areas under the curve (iAUCpos) over 300 minutes were not different between 30-PRO and 10/20-PRO. Consuming a rapidly digested whey protein snack 2 hours after a slowly digested, lower protein breakfast resulted in a greater peak plasma EAA concentration but comparable plasma EAA availability than consuming a single higher protein breakfast.
KW - Dietary proteins
KW - Dietary supplements
KW - Postprandial plasma amino acids
KW - Snacks
KW - Whey proteins
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.09.007
DO - 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.09.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 29241582
AN - SCOPUS:85034098547
VL - 47
SP - 90
EP - 97
JO - Nutrition Research
JF - Nutrition Research
SN - 0271-5317
ER -