TY - JOUR
T1 - Within-day protein distribution does not influence body composition responses during weight loss in resistance-training adults who are overweight
AU - Hudson, Joshua L.
AU - Kim, Jung Eun
AU - Paddon-Jones, Douglas
AU - Campbell, Wayne W.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the American Egg Board-Egg Nutrition Center, National Dairy Council, Beef Checkoff, Pork Checkoff, the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute Clinical Research Center (NIH grant UL1TR001108), and the Purdue University Ingestive Behavior Research Center.
Funding Information:
The authors’ responsibilities were as follows—JEK, DP-J, and WWC: designed the research project; JLH and JEK: were responsible for participant recruitment and conducting the research; JLH: compiled, processed, and analyzed the data; JLH and WWC: wrote the manuscript with editorial assistance from JEK and DP-J; and all authors: took responsibility for the final content and read and approved the final manuscript. DP-J participates on scientific advisory panels and has received research funds, travel expenses, and/or honoraria from the American Egg Board, Leprino Foods, National Dairy Council, National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, and US Dairy Export Council. WWC received research funds from the National Pork Board, American Egg Board-Egg Nutrition Center, National Dairy Council, and National Cattlemen’s Beef Association. WWC also served on the National Dairy Council’s Whey Protein Advisory Panel during the time this study was being conducted. None of the other authors reported a conflict of interest related to the study. Financial supporters of the study (American Egg Board-Egg Nutrition Center, National Dairy Council, Beef Checkoff, and Pork
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 American Society for Nutrition.
PY - 2017/11/1
Y1 - 2017/11/1
N2 - Background: Emerging research suggests that redistributing total protein intake from 1 high-protein meal/d to multiple moderately high-protein meals improves 24-h muscle protein synthesis. Over time, this may promote positive changes in body composition. Objective: We sought to assess the effects of within-day protein intake distribution on changes in body composition during dietary energy restriction and resistance training. Design: In a randomized parallel-design study, 41 men and women [mean ± SEM age: 35 ± 2 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.5 ± 0.5] consumed an energy-restricted diet (750 kcal/d below the requirement) for 16 wk while performing resistance training 3 d/wk. Subjects consumed 90 g protein/d (1.0 ± 0.03 g · kg-1 · d-1, 125% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance, at intervention week 1) in either a skewed (10 g at breakfast, 20 g at lunch, and 60 g at dinner; n = 20) or even (30 g each at breakfast, lunch, and dinner; n = 21) distribution pattern. Body composition was measured pre- and postintervention. Results: Over time, whole-body mass (least-squares mean ± SE: -7.9 ± 0.6 kg), whole-body lean mass (-1.0 ± 0.2 kg), wholebody fat mass (-6.9 ± 0.5 kg), appendicular lean mass (-0.7 ± 0.1 kg), and appendicular fat mass (-2.6 ± 0.2 kg) each decreased. The midthigh muscle area (0 ± 1 cm2) did not change over time, whereas the midcalf muscle area decreased (-3 ± 1 cm2). Withinday protein distribution did not differentially affect these bodycomposition responses. Conclusion: The effectiveness of dietary energy restriction combined with resistance training to improve body composition is not influenced by the within-day distribution of protein when adequate total protein is consumed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT02066948.
AB - Background: Emerging research suggests that redistributing total protein intake from 1 high-protein meal/d to multiple moderately high-protein meals improves 24-h muscle protein synthesis. Over time, this may promote positive changes in body composition. Objective: We sought to assess the effects of within-day protein intake distribution on changes in body composition during dietary energy restriction and resistance training. Design: In a randomized parallel-design study, 41 men and women [mean ± SEM age: 35 ± 2 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.5 ± 0.5] consumed an energy-restricted diet (750 kcal/d below the requirement) for 16 wk while performing resistance training 3 d/wk. Subjects consumed 90 g protein/d (1.0 ± 0.03 g · kg-1 · d-1, 125% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance, at intervention week 1) in either a skewed (10 g at breakfast, 20 g at lunch, and 60 g at dinner; n = 20) or even (30 g each at breakfast, lunch, and dinner; n = 21) distribution pattern. Body composition was measured pre- and postintervention. Results: Over time, whole-body mass (least-squares mean ± SE: -7.9 ± 0.6 kg), whole-body lean mass (-1.0 ± 0.2 kg), wholebody fat mass (-6.9 ± 0.5 kg), appendicular lean mass (-0.7 ± 0.1 kg), and appendicular fat mass (-2.6 ± 0.2 kg) each decreased. The midthigh muscle area (0 ± 1 cm2) did not change over time, whereas the midcalf muscle area decreased (-3 ± 1 cm2). Withinday protein distribution did not differentially affect these bodycomposition responses. Conclusion: The effectiveness of dietary energy restriction combined with resistance training to improve body composition is not influenced by the within-day distribution of protein when adequate total protein is consumed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT02066948.
KW - Exercise
KW - Heart health
KW - Muscle mass
KW - Protein patterning
KW - Weight loss
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U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.117.158246
DO - 10.3945/ajcn.117.158246
M3 - Article
C2 - 28903957
AN - SCOPUS:85033213479
VL - 106
SP - 1190
EP - 1196
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
SN - 0002-9165
IS - 5
ER -